A couple of reminders:

          You can single space your assignments to save paper.

          You don't have to include the questions, just the answers.

          Everything has to be typed ("word processed?")

Assignment 10: Continuation of Hayakawa Chapter 5

1. Define/describe these words in the ways indicated.

A.(1) "Feminism"    Describe using extensional statements.

   (2)        "             Describe using intensional statements.

B.(1) "Socialism"    Describe using extensional statements.

   (2)        "             Describe using intensional statements.

C.(1) "Democracy"  Describe using extensional statements.

   (2)        "             Describe using intensional statements.

Assignment 11: Read Hayakawa Chapter 6 – The Language of Social Cohesion

This chapter is about non-verbal verbal communication, which sounds like a contradiction. It isn't, though. Sometimes the meaning of a statement isn't in the words themselves, at least not literally.

1. Sometimes meaning is derived from alarms, outcries, etc., which are similar to the way other animals communicate. There is no literal meaning to the words, whatever is being communicated is in tone, pitch contour, volume, rate, and vocal quality (also called prosody or paralanguage). Some child psychologists say it is important to talk to babies as if they understand what you're saying, even though we know they don't.  Why do you think they suggest this?

2. Song lyrics are a special case of artistic license. They don't have to make sense, they can be ambiguous, and the meaning people derive may be the opposite of the literal meaning of the lyrics. 

Here's a vintage example:  Bruce Springsteen's "Born in the USA" (1984).  (Click here to) Take a look at the lyrics. If you've never heard the song, (click here to) listen to it.  Looking at the lyrics, you wouldn't think this was a natural for use as a commercial to sell Chevy trucks, but it was.  How would you explain this?

3. Select a song of your choice and explain what the lyrics mean. Then provide an alternate explanation. That is, another meaning which is just as plausible.

4. In "the value of unoriginal remarks," what does Hayakawa think we are really doing when we talk to each other about "nothing?"

5. Why do you think all graduation speeches sound the same?

Assignment 12:  On line reading – Your choice.

1. Search online for "phatic communication."  Read some of the results and select three sources to use. Write a 250 word essay (five or so paragraphs) explaining what it is. IMPORTANT: do not copy and paste from your sources, write this in your own words. List your sources at the end in APA style. (You can also search for APA style to see how to do this).